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How To Back Up Vinyl as Uncompressed WAV files
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2010HomeHackspostBadge.jpgThere are a lot of ways to skin a cat and you probably would like to hear: “We plugged this thing into our turntable and out popped our whole analog collection directly onto our iPod while we were sleeping." Alas, things are not always so simple, especially when the goal is to preserve the inherent warm audio quality of a beloved vinyl collection. But all hope is not lost! Below is a detailed instruction of how to convert your records into high quality digital files.

 
 

We had 3 things we needed to accomplish:

  • We wanted to backup a medium-sized vinyl collection onto a hard drive.
  • We wanted to control the process- we don’t want some software telling us what are pops and clicks and what is musical nuance and we don’t want everything to be owned by Apple.
  • MUST HAVE WAV FILES, no more “archiving” in lossy, compressed formats. Because is it really archiving if you didn’t record the whole thing? We have a decent turntable and want the reproduction to be as good as it can be.


This will sound crazy to some of you, but we want CD quality sound for our vinyl backups. “Better than” would be nice, but achieving that quality is double the trouble of the following process. If you look around, most of those USB turntables and standard iTunes/Windows Media/other make the results of the process of backing up your high quality music very low end. And one day iTunes may not exist, so we want an apocalypse-proof storage method...and we are keeping the records. This is NOT spring cleaning.

There are sacrifices to be made in space and simplicity, but sometimes you just can’t listen to a song that is 30% of its original density. Some of you may want your whole collection of music on one device at one time, but when you can listen to fewer songs at a higher resolution, you cross over from music listener into the realm of audiophile.


Instructions

To start, we run the signal from the turntable to a phono preamp (Bellari VP-129). You have to do this anyway just to play your records, so you should already have the equivalent.

We then plugged that into a device called (predictably) iKey from iKey-Audio. This is a tool designed for getting anything analog into your computer or even directly onto your iPod. It does it without futzing around with sound quality or running the signal through unnecessary hardware...like the low-quality microphone jack on your laptop. It does have the ability to record in MP3 format, at several levels of compression. It converts directly to a USB output and has a battery pack so you can use it to record live broadcast. Admittedly,it is annoying to use, but it does work.


The biggest problem was with the level dial. Every time you record a record, you have to set the level. Most records were recorded at varying “volumes” over the course of any given song. These days everything is recorded at “10” because everyone wants attention and they don’t care about the journey. So in order not to eclipse the capabilities of a sensitive input on a recording device, you must set the level to bring the sound and the circuitry it’s traveling through in sync (wicked band).

On the iKey, it’s an actual dial and it gives no indication as to where you are in the spectrum. It occasionally flashes pitifully when you are too high or too low, but its like having a warning light on a landmine.

But how could it know, really? You would have to play the whole record in order for it to know how loudly it was mixed. A lot of trial and error and hopefully knowledge of your music collection will guide you.

Second thing is that there are a whole bunch of LEDs on this thing that serve MANY purposes so it is often difficult to tell what it’s doing- is it recording, or is it ejecting the USB drive? A pain.

The third thing that is a bit of trouble is that once you get the music onto a key drive or some similar, the entire side of the album is registered as one song. Oi. There is also whatever scratching and clunking you recorded onto the beginnings and ends of these from putting the needle down and picking it back up at the end.

Which brings us to part two of the process: The editing software… surely there must be a whole slew of great software out there to do this for you but again, we want control over the process so as to retain as much of the original experience as possible. Audacity, which we've talked about before, gives you that for free. It is a super easy to use software and you will be cutting the crap out of your music with no loss of quality in no time. See below screenshot for the interface and what 'too much cowbell level'(in the red circle) looks like.

We decided to leave the songs intact. Why? Because you have to extract each song, one at a time, in order to break them up and…what the hay...why not just listen to the whole side? We can always extract them later. Think of it as a Hot 107 Block Party, all the time. It’s old music anyway, this will just take you deeper into the nostalgia.

Now comes the good part and one that will probably warrant another post. iTunes has done a lot of great things, and forced us to put up with a lot of things. In the latter category we have the lack of control over where music can be stored, what format it’s in, and its shoddy mobility from one device to another. You lose one hard drive and you can lose your whole collection. Sucky.

The iPod and iPhone are designed for iTunes and it is designed for them. You can’t even get stereo Bluetooth on an iPhone. You can get uncompressed files to play on an iPod but Apple still wants to organize everything for you.

What if there were another software that could be used to manage and play your files on your iPod? One that didn’t monkey around putting “i’s” in front of everything and laughing smugly at the stuffiness of PCs.

That monkey is called Mediamonkey. It basically replaces iTunes and will even sync all your junk onto your iPod. It pretty much will allow you to do anything that Apple has decided will be bad for their music monopoly…that is to say: all the good stuff. It is also free.

Additional Notes: The iKey produces fabulous results with an unfotunate amount of difficulty. Audacity works wonderfully without the paperclip animation. And Mediamonkey does everything iTunes should, but can't for many different reasons.

Originally posted by Peter, September 5, 2008



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Tags

How to..., turntables, cd & digital music players, USB device/accessory, records, turntable, Windows, LP, Home Hacks, audio conversion

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Comments (8)

How did you do RIAA equalization? I hope you used a dedicated converter; doing it in software ends up just magnifying noise in the treble.

posted by johan on September 5th 2008 at 12:55pm
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Hmmmm....this sounds better than the usb turntable route.

As far as levels go, I assume the levels on a mixer would not correlate with the level on the device? In my simple mind I was hoping that they could be corrected at the source (mixer) and everything would be fine.

I just spoke with someone and they were talking about something similar called an iconnex? or something like that that should be coming out soon?

This has got me motivated to get those decks cleaned up.

Any software that can then be used to mix those burned records?

posted by art on September 5th 2008 at 3:21pm
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I hope you used a dedicated converter; doing it in software ends up just magnifying noise in the treble.

Provided you apply the correct RIAA equalization curve (really, de-equalization curve) it doesn't really matter if it's done in hardware or software. Although I suppose in theory a software converter could be cooked up that's a lot more accurate than any reasonably-priced dedicated electronic circuit.

I'm assuming many of these audio editing tools have started to come with such curves as presets.

posted by sunspot42 on September 5th 2008 at 7:26pm
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Yikes- I just edited in the preamp set up. Its a Bellari, which I am pretty happy with. Tks for the reminder!

posted by Peter_Unplggd on September 5th 2008 at 10:41pm
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Kenny Rogers rawks!

posted by Monica on September 8th 2008 at 11:05am
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Software is fine, as long as you sample at a high resolution (not bit rate)- like 24ish.

If you're sampling at 16 bits, you'll do better with a hardware riaa equalizer. Remember that the curve was invented in the days of analog, and was designed to be easy to implement with resistors, caps, and coils.

The thing is that RIAA really amplifies the bass (or, equivalently, tones down the treble), so that to get the intended output, you need to amplify the treble. Which means you'll be amplifying the sampling noise.

posted by johan on September 12th 2008 at 10:06am
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On recording, the RIAA curve emphasizes the treble, and drastically cuts the bass. When you reverse that process on playback, your equipment has to amplify the bass and cut the treble.

I'm not sure why you'd want to archive in WAV format though, since there still isn't any standard way to save metadata within a WAV file. MediaMonkey supports metadata in a WAV file, but there's no standard in other software for reading that metadata. I'd recommend using FLAC, which is a lossless, compressed, open standard that's supported by several players and isn't likely to go away anytime soon.

posted by sunspot42 on February 1st 2010 at 10:35pm
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My standard turntable goes into the PHONO input which has the RIAA equalization in the preamp. I switch off speakers A and B on my analog amp. I use the headphone jack to feed into the line-in on my PC sound card. Impedance mismatch is minimal.

I use Nero Wave Editor to digitally record the album-side. Do a test run and adjust the volume while watching the Nero VU-meters. You can digitally record anything that comes out of your stereo amplifier.

To chop up the track into songs I do a save-as "(album name)_song1.wav" and then I delete everything except song 1. Then I save, close, and then open "album name", do a save-as "...song2..." and delete everything except song 2. Do this for all songs.

You can then use Nero to gather the songs for a burn session onto CD. You can also name the songs before the burn session.

posted by JohnCanon on February 3rd 2010 at 9:51pm
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